Question 1

The current standard method for diagnosing Rocky Mountain spotted fever is often unhelpful to the patient because:

Accepted Answer

A)   it lacks sensitivity.
B)   the diagnosis is obtained after the period in which treatment must begin.
C)   the sampling procedure is very invasive.
D)   it lacks specificity.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 2

A noninvasive breath test can be used to diagnose:

Accepted Answer

A)   Streptococcus pyogenes.
B)   Mycoplasma pneumoniae.
C)   Rickettsia rickettsii.
D)   Helicobacter pylori.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 3

Which of the following statements best describes how lateral flow assays demonstrate the presence of bacterial,fungal,and viral antigens?

Accepted Answer

A)   During the assay, bacterial antigens present in a specimen are pretreated by coating them with colloidal gold prior to binding to an antibody.
B)   A positive test results from the binding of the conjugated antibody and antigen to a fixed antibody directed against the antigen in the capture zone.
C)   A positive test results from the precipitation of the antigen-antibody complex in the capture zone.
D)   Migration of labeled antigen to the capture zone produces a positive result.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 4

Genetic coding for virulence factors can be transferred among various bacteria by:

Accepted Answer

A)   single-stranded DNA.
B)   plasmids.
C)   double-stranded RNA.
D)   chromosomal DNA.E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 5

Which microorganism is capable of causing life-threatening situations in which superantigens activate abnormally large numbers of T cells to release massive amounts of cytokines?

Accepted Answer

A)   Streptococcus pyogenes
B)   Mycoplasma pneumoniae
C)   Rickettsia rickettsii
D)   Helicobacter pyloriE) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 6

Which of the following bacterial enzymes causes the release of lysosomal contents into the cytoplasm of the phagocytic cell,leading to the death of the cell?

Accepted Answer

A)   Protein H
B)   Leukocidin
C)   M protein
D)   IgA proteaseE) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 7

A symbiotic relationship in which both the microorganism and the host benefit is called:

Accepted Answer

A)   commensal.
B)   mutualistic.
C)   parasitic.
D)   virulent.E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 8

The advantage of molecular assays in bacterial diagnosis is:

Accepted Answer

A)   many methods approved by the Food and Drug Administration are available.
B)   the instrumentation is not expensive.
C)   the reagents and disposables are not expensive.
D)   the methods are very sensitive.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 9

Acute glomerulonephritis can be a sequela of infection by:

Accepted Answer

A)   Streptococcus pyogenes.
B)   Mycoplasma pneumoniae.
C)   Rickettsia rickettsii.
D)   Helicobacter pylori.E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 10

Which of the following is an endotoxin,not an exotoxin?

Accepted Answer

A)   Streptolysin O
B)   Lipid A
C)   Streptokinase
D)   HyaluronidaseE) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 11

In general,antigen detection assays in bacterial diagnosis have which of the following characteristics?

Accepted Answer

A)   High associated cost
B)   Rapid turnaround time
C)   Complicated methods
D)   Low specificityE) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 12

Which of the following is the first reaction in a lateral flow immunochromatographic assay?

Accepted Answer

A)   Antigen reacts with a labeled antibody.
B)   Antigen is captured by antibody immobilized at a specific location on a membrane.
C)   Labeled antibody is captured by membrane-immobilized antibody.
D)   Antibody reacts with a labeled antigen.E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 13

The genetic determinants for the structural features of bacteria are encoded in:

Accepted Answer

A)   single-stranded DNA.
B)   plasmids.
C)   double-stranded RNA.
D)   chromosomal DNA.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 14

Which test is inappropriate for identifying Helicobacter pylori?

Accepted Answer

A)   Polymerase chain reaction
B)   Urease
C)   Enzyme immunoassay
D)   DNaseE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 15

The ability of an organism to cause disease is known as its:

Accepted Answer

A)   virulence.
B)   infectivity.
C)   resistance.
D)   pathogenicity.E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 16

Stevens-Johnson syndrome,in which the top layer of the skin dies and sheds,is caused by:

Accepted Answer

A)   Streptococcus pyogenes.
B)   Mycoplasma pneumoniae.
C)   Rickettsia rickettsii.
D)   Helicobacter pylori.E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 17

Which bacterial infections are routinely diagnosed by measuring host antibodies that neutralize the microbe's exotoxins?

Accepted Answer

A)   Streptococcus pyogenes
B)   Mycoplasma pneumoniae
C)   Rickettsia rickettsii
D)   Helicobacter pyloriE) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 18

Antibodies detected by reacting patient serum with rickettsial antigens,followed by incubation with an anti-immunoglobulin with a fluorescent tag,could be used to diagnose:

Accepted Answer

A)   Rocky Mountain spotted fever.
B)   Mycoplasma pneumonia.
C)   stomach ulcers.
D)   rheumatic fever.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 19

The M protein of group A streptococci inhibits:

Accepted Answer

A)   antibody binding.
B)   phagocytosis.
C)   T-cell apoptosis.
D)   lymphocyte proliferation.E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 20

The pathogenesis of Rocky Mountain spotted fever involves:

Accepted Answer

A)   systemic release of cytokines, leading to toxic shock.
B)   endothelial cell damage, leading to increased vascular permeability.
C)   release of potent exotoxins that destroy vascular endothelium.
D)   invasion of the organism into the cardiac muscle.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Exam 20: Serological and Molecular Detection of Bacterial Infections

A symbiotic relationship in which both the microorganism and the host benefit is called:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The advantage of molecular assays in bacterial diagnosis is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The current standard method for diagnosing Rocky Mountain spotted fever is often unhelpful to the patient because:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A noninvasive breath test can be used to diagnose:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which test is inappropriate for identifying Helicobacter pylori?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The ability of an organism to cause disease is known as its:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which bacterial infections are routinely diagnosed by measuring host antibodies that neutralize the microbe's exotoxins?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In general,antigen detection assays in bacterial diagnosis have which of the following characteristics?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Antibodies detected by reacting patient serum with rickettsial antigens,followed by incubation with an anti-immunoglobulin with a fluorescent tag,could be used to diagnose:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Acute glomerulonephritis can be a sequela of infection by:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Genetic coding for virulence factors can be transferred among various bacteria by:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The genetic determinants for the structural features of bacteria are encoded in:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The M protein of group A streptococci inhibits:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The pathogenesis of Rocky Mountain spotted fever involves:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which microorganism is capable of causing life-threatening situations in which superantigens activate abnormally large numbers of T cells to release massive amounts of cytokines?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is an endotoxin,not an exotoxin?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following bacterial enzymes causes the release of lysosomal contents into the cytoplasm of the phagocytic cell,leading to the death of the cell?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is the first reaction in a lateral flow immunochromatographic assay?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements best describes how lateral flow assays demonstrate the presence of bacterial,fungal,and viral antigens?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Stevens-Johnson syndrome,in which the top layer of the skin dies and sheds,is caused by:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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