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Exam 9: Motivation

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Question 51

Multiple Choice

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The idea that motivation is high when workers believe that high levels of effort lead to high performance and high performance leads to the attainment of desired outcomes is explained by the ________ theory.

A) expectancy
B) valence
C) hierarchy of needs
D) motivator-hygiene

E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

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Question 52

Multiple Choice

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An individual's belief about his or her ability to perform a behavior successfully is called ________.

A) internal stimulus
B) self-appreciation
C) self-efficacy
D) locus of control

E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Question 53

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Paul sets a goal of completing the design for a new display box for a major customer by the end of the week. He decides to reward himself by playing golf over the weekend if he is able to complete the project on time. This is an example of ________.

Leo Motors bases a worker's pay on the number of units of output of the worker. This is called a piece-rate pay program.

Elizabeth perceives that her outcome-input ratio is less than that of her coworker. This is known as ________.

In the context of motivation theory, what is an output? What is an input? Give examples of each.

A subordinate performs a dysfunctional behavior, and her manager administers an undesired consequence to the subordinate. This is known as ________.

According to expectancy theory, high motivation will occur when ________.

People experiencing overpayment inequity are most likely to ________.

Jane, an employee at Paulson, has been promoted recently due to the huge success of two projects she had delivered that generated more revenue and further projects for PP Tech. She is highly motivated by the promotion and perceives ________ justice of the firm to be high.

Which of the following outcomes satisfies hygiene needs?

A worker in an automobile assembly line who chooses his/her work because of the job security it entails is said to be ________.

Joey requested feedback from Michael, his manager, on his performance. Michael is delighted by Joey's attitude. In this context, Joey could be rated high on the need for ________.

Psychologist David McClelland extensively researched the needs for achievement, affiliation, and power. Give an account of these needs and their influence in the workplace.

According to goal-setting theory, to stimulate high motivation and performance, goals must be ________.

Specific, difficult goals have been found to increase both motivation and performance in some types of work situations. However, they have also been found to decrease both motivation and performance in some other types of work situations. Discuss both of these possibilities and explain the factors that are likely to produce each of these two results.

Discuss the pros and cons of using punishment. If managers use punishment, how should they minimize the negative side effects?

Behavior that is performed in order to acquire either a material or a social reward is called intrinsically motivated behavior.

The theory that distinguishes needs related to the work itself from those related to the context of the work is ________.