Question 1

Kendall is more concerned with following correct procedures than getting the job done correctly.What term do sociologists use to describe this phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

A)  goal displacement
B)  value management
C)  impersonality
D)  bureaucratic personalityE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 2

What process involves maintaining or changing behaviour to comply with the norms established by a society,subculture,or other group?

Accepted Answer

A)  leadership
B)  conformity
C)  compliance
D)  obedienceE) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 3

What does it mean to say that a bureaucracy is "impersonal"?

Accepted Answer

A)  It means that bureaucracies ignore the concerns of their customers.
B)  It means that personal feelings do not interfere with organizational decisions.
C)  It means that hiring is done strictly on the basis of ascribed statuses.
D)  It means that all rules and regulations are written down,no matter how trivial.E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 4

Approaching the study of organizations using the ideas of Weber,what were bureaucracies intended to do for organizations?

Accepted Answer

A)  establish more red tape and less irrationality
B)  provide a loophole for "buck-passing"
C)  make organizations more productive and efficient
D)  reduce rules and paperworkE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 5

What term did sociologist Charles H.Cooley use to describe a small,less specialized group in which members engage in face-to-face,emotion-based interactions over an extended period of time?

Accepted Answer

A)  a secondary group
B)  a significant others
C)  a primary groupD) B) and C)
E) A) and B)

Question 6

What kind of division of labour does a bureaucracy have?

Accepted Answer

A)  flexible
B)  non-existent
C)  specialized
D)  vertical authority structureE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 7

According to Pryor and McKinney's research,what happened when the trainers were led to believe that sexual harassment was condoned?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ninety percent took full advantage of the situation when left alone with the woman.
B)  Fifty percent took full advantage of the situation when left alone with the woman.
C)  Twenty-five percent took full advantage of the situation when left alone with the woman.
D)  Fewer than 10 percent took full advantage of the situation when left alone with the woman.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT an important implication of "small world" research?

Accepted Answer

A)  It challenges research that overestimates the importance of social networks.
B)  It reveals the importance of people who bridge different social worlds.
C)  It provides insights into how diseases such as HIV/AIDS can spread.
D)  It reveals few degrees of separation between people.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 9

For what have experiments by Solomon Asch and Stanley Milgram been most criticized?

Accepted Answer

A)  violating principles of research ethics
B)  not demonstrating the effects that they were supposed to
C)  using too wide a range of subjects,so that the findings could mean any of a number of things
D)  generating results that could not be duplicated by anyone elseE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 10

Scott tells his employees that he is just "following the rules" when he insists they can only take one hour for lunch.What process does this exhibit?

Accepted Answer

A)  traditional authority
B)  efficiency
C)  goal displacement
D)  rationalityE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 11

What happens when the rules become an end in themselves rather than a means to an end,and organizational survival becomes more important than achievement of goals?

Accepted Answer

A)  inefficiency
B)  organization syndrome
C)  goal displacement
D)  organizational rigidityE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 12

Who examined what he called the McDonaldization of society?

Accepted Answer

A)  George Ritzer
B)  Robert Michels
C)  Max Weber
D)  Robert MertonE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 13

An organization's informal structure comprises aspects of participants' day-to-day activities and interactions that ignore or bypass official rules and procedures.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Bureaucracies experience inefficiency and rigidity only at the upper levels of the organization.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which term refers to a group that a person belongs to and that gives them a sense of identity?

Accepted Answer

A)  ingroup
B)  reference group
C)  outgroup
D)  primary groupE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 16

Andrew is using a conflict perspective to study groups.Which of the following statements best exemplifies his views?

Accepted Answer

A)  Groups help meet people's instrumental and expressive needs.
B)  Group size influences the kind of interactions that take place between members.
C)  Groups cannot ensure that individual members are equally served.
D)  Groups are generally characterized by superficiality.E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 17

Suppose a person does not belong and perhaps even feels a sense of competitiveness or hostility toward others.What kind of group is this person likely a part of?

Accepted Answer

A)  an ingroup
B)  an outgroup
C)  a secondary group
D)  a reference groupE) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 18

Stanley Milgram's experiments would be easily replicated today at most universities in Canada or the United States.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Jordan and Steve have been dating for three years.How would Simmel describe them?

Accepted Answer

A)  a triad
B)  a dynamic duo
C)  a dyad
D)  a secondary groupE) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 20

Why would it be so difficult to replicate the research by Solomon Asch and Stanley Milgram today?

Accepted Answer

A)  People today are much less likely to conform to an authority.
B)  It would be unlikely that such research would obtain ethical approval.
C)  These studies work only in the United States,not in Canada.
D)  Men are less likely to conform than women.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Exam 6: Groups and Organizations

Who examined what he called the McDonaldization of society?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Scott tells his employees that he is just "following the rules" when he insists they can only take one hour for lunch.What process does this exhibit?

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What does it mean to say that a bureaucracy is "impersonal"?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What kind of division of labour does a bureaucracy have?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Suppose a person does not belong and perhaps even feels a sense of competitiveness or hostility toward others.What kind of group is this person likely a part of?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Andrew is using a conflict perspective to study groups.Which of the following statements best exemplifies his views?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why would it be so difficult to replicate the research by Solomon Asch and Stanley Milgram today?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Stanley Milgram's experiments would be easily replicated today at most universities in Canada or the United States.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Jordan and Steve have been dating for three years.How would Simmel describe them?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An organization's informal structure comprises aspects of participants' day-to-day activities and interactions that ignore or bypass official rules and procedures.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What process involves maintaining or changing behaviour to comply with the norms established by a society,subculture,or other group?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What term did sociologist Charles H.Cooley use to describe a small,less specialized group in which members engage in face-to-face,emotion-based interactions over an extended period of time?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT an important implication of "small world" research?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Pryor and McKinney's research,what happened when the trainers were led to believe that sexual harassment was condoned?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What happens when the rules become an end in themselves rather than a means to an end,and organizational survival becomes more important than achievement of goals?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Bureaucracies experience inefficiency and rigidity only at the upper levels of the organization.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which term refers to a group that a person belongs to and that gives them a sense of identity?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Approaching the study of organizations using the ideas of Weber,what were bureaucracies intended to do for organizations?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Kendall is more concerned with following correct procedures than getting the job done correctly.What term do sociologists use to describe this phenomenon?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

For what have experiments by Solomon Asch and Stanley Milgram been most criticized?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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