Question 1

As a result of aging, new lymphocytes continue to be produced in the thymus up until the age of 60 years, but they are less effective. Check all reasons they are less effective.

Accepted Answer

A)  The body's increased reaction to infections can lead to pneumonia.
B)  Helper T-lymphocytes do not respond as well to antigens.
C)  There is a decreased production of B-lymphocytesDThe increased production of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes causes the body to over-respond to viruses.D) B) and C)
E) All of the above

Question 2

When a virus infects a cell, some of the viral proteins are broken down into peptide fragments.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

On first exposure to antigen, T helper cells

Accepted Answer

A)   become activated and increase in number
B)   cause inflammation
C)   cause skin lesions
D)   attract more macrophagesE) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 4

Which of the following are functions of the lymphatic system? 1. Defense
2)  Fluid equilibrium
3)  Fat absorption

Accepted Answer

A)   1
B)   HYPERLINK "" خطأ! مرجع الارتباط التشعبي غير صحيح.1,2
C)   1,3
D)   2,3
E)   1,2,3F) C) and D)
G) B) and D)

Question 5

A T helper cell becomes activated by a

Accepted Answer

A)   plasma cell
B)   antigen presenting cell
C)   B cell
D)   memory cellE) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 6

Each antigen has one epitope.

Accepted Answer

A)   True
B)   FalseC) A) and B)
D) undefined

Question 7

Fragments of foreign proteins are antibodies.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

A cytokine released by macrophages that can stimulate helper T cells is

Accepted Answer

A)   interleukin-1.
B)   interleukin-2.
C)   MHC class I.
D)   MHC class II.
E)   immunoglobulin.F) A) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 9

In the classical pathway of complement activation, complement attaches to an antigen-antibody complex.

Accepted Answer

A)   True
B)   FalseC) A) and B)
D) undefined

Question 10

Antigens

Accepted Answer

A)   have molecular weights of around 1000.
B)   have one antigenic determinant (epitope) .
C)   are considered normal by the immune system.
D)   can contain many different antigenic determinants (epitopes) .
E)   are usually made of lipids.F) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 11

Protein is usually a T-cell dependent antigen.

Accepted Answer

A)   True
B)   FalseC) A) and B)
D) undefined

Question 12

A person with type O blood may receive blood from a person with type B blood.

Accepted Answer

A)   True
B)   FalseC) A) and B)
D) undefined

Question 13

Which of the following is correctly matched?

Accepted Answer

A)   IgA - found in saliva and tears
B)   IgD - can cross the placenta
C)   IgG - first to challenge the antigen
D)   IgM - antigen-binding receptor on B cells
E)   IgE - transfusion reactionsF) B) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 14

Complement factors C5b+C6+C7+C8 make up a membrane attack complex that results in

Accepted Answer

A)   enhanced phagocytosis
B)   opsonization
C)   cytolysis
D)   all of theseE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 15

Infected cells

Accepted Answer

A)   display peptide fragments of degraded viral proteins on their cell surface
B)   have class II MHC antigens on their cell surface
C)   are not affected by T cells
D)   lyse T cellsE) All of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 16

The human body makes

Accepted Answer

A)   only one type of cytotoxic T cell.
B)   tens of different types of cytotoxic T cells.
C)   hundreds of different types of cytotoxic T cells.
D)   thousands of different types of cytotoxic T cells.
E)   millions of different types of cytotoxic T cells.F) B) and C)
G) A) and C)

Question 17

Viruses and self-proteins are examples of proteins produced inside of the cell.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

A hapten is an antigen that is capable of causing antibody production on its own.

Accepted Answer

A)   True
B)   FalseC) A) and B)
D) undefined

Question 19

Check all that occur during inflammation.

Accepted Answer

A)  Chemical mediators cause vasodilation
B)  Blood flow is decreased to the area
C)  Vascular permeability is decreased
D)  Fibrin walls off the infected area
E)  Complement attracts phagocytes to the areaF) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 20

Cytotoxic T-cells interact with target cells by recognizing

Accepted Answer

A)   foreign proteins only.
B)   MHC proteins only.
C)   foreign protein-MHC protein complexes.
D)   either foreign proteins or MHC proteins.
E)   neither foreign proteins nor MHC proteins.F) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

Exam 14: The Lymphatic System and Immunity

A person with type O blood may receive blood from a person with type B blood.

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Each antigen has one epitope.

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Infected cells

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When a virus infects a cell, some of the viral proteins are broken down into peptide fragments.

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A T helper cell becomes activated by a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following are functions of the lymphatic system? 1. Defense 2) Fluid equilibrium 3) Fat absorption

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Fragments of foreign proteins are antibodies.

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A cytokine released by macrophages that can stimulate helper T cells is

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Which of the following is correctly matched?

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Check all that occur during inflammation.

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On first exposure to antigen, T helper cells

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Complement factors C5b+C6+C7+C8 make up a membrane attack complex that results in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Protein is usually a T-cell dependent antigen.

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Cytotoxic T-cells interact with target cells by recognizing

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Antigens

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Viruses and self-proteins are examples of proteins produced inside of the cell.

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A hapten is an antigen that is capable of causing antibody production on its own.

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In the classical pathway of complement activation, complement attaches to an antigen-antibody complex.

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As a result of aging, new lymphocytes continue to be produced in the thymus up until the age of 60 years, but they are less effective. Check all reasons they are less effective.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The human body makes

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